Yes.
Click on the Show/Hide Columns option, available in many task and project custom view lists/Gantt Chart pages, and a window will pop up. In that window, you may select the fields (see image below) you want to see displayed and their order from left to right across the screen. Additionally, this option allows you to specify the sorting order of your tasks or projects in the list.
Finally, the Show/Hide Columns window prodives an option for administrators to apply their current Show/Hide Column settings to other users.